Mathematics achievement of Elementary Secondary Education Act Title I students was evaluated, using RMC Model B, the control group model. The third-grade students in 8 of 17 Title I elementary schools and the fifth-grade students in the remaining 9 schools were chosen for the pilot project. The remaining third-and fifth-grade students served as the control groups for this experiment. The experimental treatment had two parts: inservice workshops for the teachers and demonstrations by mathematics project specialists in the classroom. The emphasis of the training and the demonstrations in the classrooms was on the use of manipulative materials, such as Cuisenaire rods, with the intention that learning by manipulation would precede symbolic activities by the children. For both third- and fifth-grade children, the pilot project children's post test means scores were not significantly different from their respective control groups. The application of analysis of covariance to the data produced the same result. (CTM)