A book on second languages in primary education, designed to assist both classroom teachers and language specialists, is presented. The following topics are addressed: (1) reasons for studying a second language; (2) reasons for children to learn a second language; (3) language choices; (4) qualifications of teachers; (5) FLES, bilingual education, and language switch programs; (6) characteristics of children that language teachers should understand; (7) foundations and taxonomies of second language study; (8) the FLES method and oral skills; (9) reading and writing skills; (10) the cultural component; (11) planning for learning and teaching; (12) evaluation in second language learning; (13) English as a Second Language and its relationship to bilingual education;and (14) second languages and career education. Information on designs for bilingual programs at the elementary school level and elementary school evaluation instruments for language dominance and language proficiency are appended. (SW)