Recent research on the role of personal space has demonstrated the effects of violating or not violating a spatial norm on the perceived persuasiveness, credibility, and attractiveness of the message source. The persuasive impact of personal space violations has been difficult to interpret because of the failure to effectively manipulate source characteristics. Violations of personal distancing expectations also serve as a subtle form of distraction in the persuasive transaction. To resolve some of the research problems, studies might adopt interactional distances rather than imposing structured interactional distances on the subject. In terms of reward, problems associated with physical attractiveness seem to indicate the impossibility of truly finding the extremes of physical attractiveness. Finally, it is necessary to discover how distraction can be measured. (DF)