The study described in this paper examined the degree to which temperament trait characteristics of young children are perceived in a similar way by mothers and preschool teachers. Temperament ratings were obtained from mothers and from preschool teachers for 38 preschool children between the ages of 2 1/2 and 5 years of age. The children were part of a University based child care program, and the teachers had had at least six months experience with each child. Measurement instruments included both the EASI Temperament Survey of Buss and Plomin, adapted for use by parents and teachers, and a new survey created for this study. Combined, these measures contained nine termperament scales -- two each for the traits of emotionality, activity, impulsivity, and sociability, plus one for adaptability. One main finding was that parent and teacher ratings correlated on emotionality, activity, impulsivity and sociability. A more detailed analysis revealed that parents found these four temperament traits to be distinct and separate dimensions while the teachers did not. It was concluded that the results offer modest support for the validity of temperament traits. (JMB)