A brief history of the philosophy and development of diagnostic-prescriptive teaching for the child with learning problems is presented. Individual differences in children are identified in the following six major areas: (1) pattern of growth, maturity level, health and energy, physical handicaps and limitations; (2) love relationships with family and friends; (3) cultural and social background; (4) relationships with peers; (5) emotional behavior and reactions; and (6) self-concept. These factors must be considered to successfully diagnose problems and prescribe individual instruction. (JD)