This study of moral judgment among young Italian school children reports differences between individual and group judgments. Laboratory and projective techniques were devised to study judgments, perceptions of fairness, motivations and suggestions for restoring equity among a sample of children between 5 and 9 years of age. Subjects were 12 middle and high middle class children who were neither overachievers nor underachievers. In the laboratory condition, subjects in groups of four were given a drawing task and a task criterion (draw the most and prettiest). After 20 minutes the task was interrupted and the three oldest children were required to decide individually how to allocate a reward among task group members. The three were then brought together to negotiate the actual distribution of rewards. In the projective interview condition, the children were individually shown a picture of five children in a situation similar to the drawing task setting. The child was asked to judge the equity of awarding the reward to each of the pictured children, who varied in age, sex and task achievement. In addition to group and individual judgment differences, age differences were found. Younger children used an achievement criterion for distributing rewards. Older children indicated a protection motive for reward distribution. (Author/RH)