This paper addresses the problems of sex discrimination and sex stereotypes faced by women in education and employment. Several models which are used to explain the current social and cultural status of women are examined and criticized. They include: (1) the biopsychological explanatory model; (2) the psychosocial explanatory model; and (3) the psycho- and socio-cultural explanatory model. Theories concerning the psychological development of women are also critically analyzed. It is argued that these models and theories perpetuate sex discrimination against women in education and employment and that specific action by the government is necessary to provide equal opportunities to women. The issue is further addressed within the context of cultural change and educational policy. Suggestions are made for improving the opportunities available to women. Specific policies that should be considered by the government in order to provide these opportunities are outlined. (EB)