When survey data are analyzed by computer, a codebook is necessary to show how raw scores are translated to computer-usable form. When data are tabulated by hand, the need for a codebook depends upon the number of respondents, the number and complexity of items, and the types of statistical manipulations required. During the process of coding, numerical symbols are assigned to quantify the words, phrases, figures, and symbols recorded as responses to the questionnaire. Coding also describes the location of variables in the computer data file. A carefully compiled codebook should prevent bias in the recording of responses and reduce errors in processing, statistical analysis, or interpretation of results. The codebook contains three sections: (1) introduction--descriptive information about project staff, data storage, and computer specifications; (2) coding classification system--details about recording the alternative responses to an item; and (3) conclusion--explanation of unusual situations, such as the handling of missing data. A codebook is compiled in eight steps: write introduction; edit returned surveys; consult with the researcher; prepare survey instrument; state possible responses; assign codes; list frame numbers; and check for quality control. (A four-page sample codebook is appended.) (GDC)