This master's thesis examines the Montessori Method as it relates to social learning theory. Much of the subject matter grew out of an attempt to synthesize Montessori methodology and social learning principles in a Montessori school. Chapter I discusses the requirements of quality educational intervention and provides a historical overview of the Montessori movement. Chapter II discusses the theory and proposed implementations of the Method. Chapter III focuses on the Montessori teacher. Chapter IV introduces social learning theory and discusses how the principles of human behavior, as defined through social learning research, might be employed to support spontaneity and freedom in a social learning environment such as the one Montessori envisioned. Chapter V provides a summary and makes recommendations regarding the instructional method and teacher training. Appendices include: (1) a list of Montessori exercises and related aims for practical life, sensorial, mathematics, and language for children aged 2 l/2 - 8 years; (2) sample Montessori exercises in the curriculum areas listed above; (3) a chart relating Montessori exercise components with social learning components, and a flow chart of Montessori training techniques. (Author/RH)