The document presents an historical review of art and art education at Ohio State University from 1874-1944, discussing various philosophies of art, educational trends, and important personalities. The objective is to use trends and events at Ohio State as a microcosm of art and art education in the United States. Emphasizing the dual nature of art (art for its own sake and art as a vocation), the author considers art teachers and examines a variety of art educational practices, especially in relation to basic educational philosophies of the times. The document is presented in seven segments. The first segment covers 1874 to 1880, describing the background of the university and the first drawing instructor, Thomas Mathew. Events from 1880-1884 show the beginnings of teacher training and the creation of a Department of Art, which was part of the Engineering School. From 1884 to 1905, Joseph Bradford was responsible for an increase in space allocation, course distinction and proliferation, equipment purchase, and increase in faculty. The emphasis shifted to teacher education from 1905-1914, with the department moving to the College of Education. The period from 1914-1923 saw the movement of art from teacher preparation to a combination of emphases including a culturally-oriented fine arts concept. The sixth segment examines factors contributing to the formation of the School of Fine Arts in 1944, including growing specialization, lack of professionalism in the teacher training area, and a new philosophy of art. An epilogue outlines events leading to the College of the Arts being formed in 1968. (CK)