This report examines a joint project of the University of Massachusetts and the Ecuador Ministry of Education which used puppet and "campesino" (folk) theater as a creative form for the presentation of numeracy and literacy programs and for introducing social consciousness concepts. It focuses on the use of the puppet theater in particular and includes specific guidelines for its presentation, including planning, community relations, and technical construction information. It discusses the 25 presentations that were given in 1974-1975 in different communities by the theater group using five types of theatrical expression: puppet theater, "cabezones" or huge heads, traditional campesino theater, social drama, and empirical theater in which the audience participates. It reports on the content of the plays, which was coordinated with the specific actual conditions of the sites where they were presented, representing situations in the life of the community. The report notes that the social-dramatic use of puppet theater was effective as a means of eliminating inhibitions and allowing the expression of artistic capacities in concrete form. It concludes with a description of a Bibliobus (library on wheels) program in Ecuador. (DF)