A 30-item survey regarding needs in social studies instruction was administered to 151 elementary school teachers. Five statements were developed for each of six factors found in the professional literature: citizenship; issues; social sciences; skills; world; and traditional social studies. The teachers responded to each item twice: once, rating the objective as they perceived its importance in the present social studies program; and once, as they thought it should be. The two sets of data--"as-is" and "should-be"--were separately factor analyzed to determine the principle components and compare them to the original instrument design. Four strong "as-is" factors were selected to account for 42% of the total variance: (1) social studies for thinking, active, democratic world citizens; (2) social studies skills and attitudes; (3) traditional social studies; and (4) social sciences and history. Four strong factors found from the "should be" analysis accounted for 34% of that variance: the world; traditional social studies; social sciences and history; and issues, problems, and critical thinking. Suggestions for further research involve the investigation of greater numbers of factors; cluster analysis; and surveying of college social studies teachers. Descriptions of each survey item are appended. (Author/GDC)