The movement of the black population from rural to urban areas increased the potential for integration by ending the isolation of blacks on farms in the rural South. But that isolation has been replaced by a new form of segregation. Black metropolitan growth has been concentrated in the central cities accommodated by the expansion of urban ghettos rather than by the development of racially integrated neighborhoods. The most immediate effect of segregation is found in the cost and quality of housing available to blacks. In addition, segregated housing gives rise to segregated schools which appear to have a negative impact on the scholastic achievement of blacks. Other effects include the lack of employment opportunities and a rise in prejudicial attitudes and discriminatory actions. Governmental attempts to deal with the problem have not been effective due, in some part, to racial differences in income, information barriers, and particularly to prejudicial attitudes on the parts of both blacks and whites. (Author/EB)