The document examines underlying issues related to moral philosophy and points out recent trends in moral education. The main purpose of the document is to provide background information for classroom educators in Australia as they develop moral education programs. The booklet is presented in eight chapters. Chapter I introduces the controversy over public school involvement in moral education and provides an overview of moral education since World War II. Chapter II reviews recent trends in moral philosophy, focusing on works by Iris Murdoch and G. J. Warnock. Chapter III examines interdisciplinary aspects of moral education. Chapter IV discusses Lawrence Kohlberg's research on developmental stages of moral judgment. Chapter V combines ideas of Emil Durkheim, Robert Dreeben, and William Kay to provide a sociological perspective on theories of moral education. Chapter VI reviews R. S. Peter's philosophical studies of the relationship between moral education and the ideal of rational man. Chapter VII discusses curriculum planning in moral education and summarizes an Australian moral education curriculum. The final chapter offers conclusions: facts and values must be related in moral inquiry; education should promote moral values associated with honesty, integrity, humility, objectivity, and impartiality; and moral education programs must take into account a complex variety of non-school influences such as parents, peers, and the media. (DB)