Thirteen studies have evaluated the potential benefits from military training that individuals gain upon leaving active duty. Despite the fact that three-fourths of military jobs have direct civilian counterparts, most of these studies indicate that military training does not have a positive effect on the civilian job opportunities for veterans. The conclusions of these studies, however, are questionable because of the methodologies and samples used. Three different approaches have been tried relying on (1) opinion survey data from separatees or retirees, (2) cross-tabulations of occupational codes comparing the military specialty of separatees with their current civilian occupations, and (3) multiple regression analysis to measure the economic benefits in civilian life that separatees derive from service training. The results have also been influenced by the use of limited samples (for example, separatees with only two years or less of active duty or only infantrymen) or by the time period in which the selected sample served their tours of duty. Because of the restricted scope of these previous studies, future research should be broadened to consider issues such as the return to training for separatees who use their military skills in the civilian sector compared to the return for those who do not; comparison between individuals in the same occupation who have military training and those who do not; and the distinction between formal and informal military training. (A bibliography is also included.) (ELG)