Patient classification systems in nursing, primarily limited to their application in hospitals, are the topic of this monograph. Following a brief introduction discussing their role and theoretical framework, the various uses of patient classification systems are discussed. Examples of patient classification systems in various settings are presented. These include medical, pediatric, psychiatric, and long-term medical care. A section on major issues in the selection and development of such systems follows. A comprehensive review of the literature on the subject is provided as well as an extensive bibliography. The monograph concludes with a discussion of the limitations and criticisms of the system and postulations as to future development in the field. (JD)