Data collected from 1967 to 1972 during the National Longitudinal Surveys was used to examine the labor force behavior of the mature women's cohort (women who were thirty to forty-four years old in 1967) as well as their attitudes toward work and home. The findings include the following: while white women increased their labor force participation levels, black women decreased theirs; since black labor force participation rates were higher than white levels in 1967, the net result was a convergence in rates between the races over the five-year period, particularly for women who were separated or divorced; black employed women greatly improved their earnings between 1966 and 1971; black women showed overall shifts toward more positive work attitudes but not to the extent that white women did; and whereas the work attitudes of white working women were much more positive than the attitudes of their nonworking counterparts, black women not at work felt as strongly as black women at work that work was necessary. (This paper includes fifteen tables of data.) (EM)