Sixty grade four pupils of the Philippine Normal College Laboratory were involved in a study to determine the effect of language of material, type of material, and ability level on their reading comprehension. The materials were either unilingual English (E/E), unilingual Pilipino (P/P), or consisted of a text in English followed by questions in Pilipino, (E/P), or vice versa (P/E). The materials were either "Work" or "recreatory" types of materials. The students were identified as being of fast, average, or slow ability. Four selections of work materials and four of recreation materials were each randomly presented in four formats. An analysis of variance with repeated measures on type and language of the materials was used to analyze pupils' scores on the comprehension tests given after they had gone over each of the eight selections. The reading comprehension of the pupils varied as a function of the language of the material, with the unilingual P/P being the easiest, followed by E/P, E/E, and P/E. Student ability was also found to be a factor in performance in the four language stiuations. In addition, recreation materials were found to be easier than the work materials. (Author/AM)