The report examines demographic factors involved and services available for mentally retarded Texans over 35 years old. Prevalence estimates are reviewed, and statistics are given for the number of Texans served in state and community programs. Adaptive behavior level, sex ethnicity and socioeconomic status are among the factors considered in a description of individual characteristics. Among findings listed are that mental retardation appears to decrease slightly in prevalence with age, the largest proportion of services to older mentally retarded persons is provided by the state schools, and the primary destination on discharge for older age groups of mentally retarded persons is the nursing home. Recommendations are made for service, education, and research. The bulk of the document is composed of tables with demographic data and 11 appendixes. (CL)