Substantial differences exist between the incomes of white and black Americans. These differences in income are a major aspect of inequality between blacks and whites. Improvements and declines in black income relative to white income have roughly paralleled expansions and contractions in the business cycle. Income differences are related to a number of factors. These include racial differences in unemployment, work experience, educational attainment, occupations, age, region of residence, and discrimination. The inequalities in income among blacks and whites are examined in this document through available statistical data. Federal policies designed to improve economic opportunity for blacks are analyzed as they influence the various factors which contribute to income disparities. (Author/GC)