Evaluated was the effectiveness of a self control program as opposed to a traditional social reinforcement program on the behavior of two groups of 18 hyperactive boys (7-12 years old). Ss in the self control group were exposed to a tutor who modeled self controlling speech and self reinforcement on a task requiring focused concentration. Ss in the social reinforcement group received attention and reinforcement contingent on appropriate task attention. Results of the Porteus Mazes indicated that the self control program produced significantly greater benefits for Ss who had high perception of their own control, and/or who were nonmedicated. Social reinforcement produced trends toward greater improvements for Ss who had low perception of their control, and/or who were medicated. (CL)