The author, Executive Director of the Presidents Council on Physical Fitness and Sports, presents a seven-question test for parents on the physical education program of their elementary school children, and examines health and physical fitness concerns of children and adults. Emphasis is placed on the early development of physical fitness as a method for preventing health problems in later life. Identifying the physically unfit child and constructing a developmental physical fitness program, with observation, remedial activity, and testing components, are discussed. Systematic planning of a program taking into account initial fitness levels, age, and sex of participants is urged. (MJB)