Fairness or unfairness may be an attribute of a test per se, or of its use, or of its statistical treatment. An hypothetical situation designed to be intrinsically fair and unbiased is used to show that analysis of covariance as a statistical method may introduce bias to the treatment of test scores. In contrast, equipercentile equating methods are shown, in this situation, to result in a fair and unbiased treatment of test scores. A graphic figure illustrates the comparison of the two different methods of analysis. (Author)