Research designed to compare the effectiveness of independent study and the more traditional methods of college instruction as they are related to student learning is summarized in the report. Some of the new curriculum patterns inaugurated to improve instruction are described. Several experimental programs are discussed in sufficient detail to reveal their purposes and potential, in terms of both the quality of the student's education and economy in the use of college teaching resources. Programs in independent study at Oberlin College, Antioch College, and Vanderbilt University are reviewed. Proposals for the establishment of new programs also are described, including those at Monteith College, Goddard College, Bard College, Wesleyan University, and a New College Plan co-sponsored by the colleges of Amherst, Smith, Mount Holyoke, and the University of Massachusetts. The rationale for this experimentation is discussed briefly along with the need for significant evaluation. (LBH)