This chapter deals with the legal process by which employers and employee organizations discuss matters related to employment. The chapter is organized to reflect the initial sequence of events in the collective bargaining process. Cases are reported and analyzed in nine sections: obligation and authority to bargain; unit determination and representation elections; scope of bargaining; union security; duty to bargain in good faith; third-party procedures; strikes, lockouts, and other concerted employee activities; contract enforcement; and miscellaneous. The distribution of the cases reported in 1976 differs from the distribution reported a year ago. In particular, the number of contract enforcement cases has increased proportionally as compared with the number of authority and obligation, unit determination and representation, and third-party cases. In addition, the number of scope of bargaining cases involving the determination of whether an issue is a permissive or prohibited subject of negotiations has increased, while the number of cases in which the issue is whether a subject of negotiations is mandatory or permissive has decreased. (Author/IRT)