The Project TALENT Data Base described in this paper provides a source of information on the personal characteristics, educational experiences, and subsequent career outcomes of a representative sample of 400,000 individuals who were in high school in 1960. (These data provide a basis for analysis and development of policies relating to the question of how schools can better prepare individuals to function effectively in adult society.) Illustrations in the following areas are provided of policy-related studies, both conducted and planned, based on TALENT data: How and how well are youth developing their abilities (changes in student performance over time, effectiveness of education in providing for individuals' needs, and contribution of education to adult knowledge), and what factors affect the utilization of individuals' abilities (contribution of post-high school education to career development, science career development in high school, determinants of physician career development, and factors influencing high achievement and the realization of high achievement potential). Plans for the future development of the project are briefly discussed. (TA)