Subjects were 61 males and females who observed one of four combinations of male and female model performance on an anagram task: (1) male success-female success, (2) male success-female failure, (3) male failure-female success, and (4) male failure-female failure. Subjects' expectations of their own future success and amount of ability relating to anagram performance were assessed as well as subsequent actual performance. Results in the expectation measures showed that, as predicted, male subjects were more influenced by male model performance than were female subjects, but the pattern of greater same-sex model influence did not appear for female subjects. In contrast, only female model performance affected actual success on the anagram task. (Author)