An examination of Army instructional research and training programs in three specific areas may suggest implications for civilian instruction: (1) Performance-based instructional systems, (2) education and training for lower aptitude personnel, and (3) uses of instructional technology. The performance-based instructional system is based on recognizing differing capabilities of individuals and fitting this instructional system to the individual. Techniques and procedures used to accomplish this goal are job analysis, development of training objectives, emphasis on learning by doing, minimizing abstract or irrelevant subject matter, criterion-referenced measurement, and absolute mastery (versus a fixed-length course). Results of research show that lower aptitude personnel can master technical job skills quite satisfactorily, given proper instruction. Their Army training focuses on performance and mastery and on literacy improvement based on job-relevant reading materials meaningful to the trainee. Instructional technology in Army training centers is moving heavily in the direction of simulation. Successful development and effective use of flight simulators, for example, are pointing toward further development of other simulation systems. (BL)