This report utilized data from one portion of a study which compared behavior of boys and girls observed in a natural environment and behavior listed by adult raters. Participants were 72 children and six teachers (all women) from two kindergartens in Hamilton, New Zealand, and a group of mothers and fathers from a third school. Two children were observed at the same time; groups included opposite sex and same sex pairs. A 41-item social behavior scale used by the investigator to tally specific behaviors was also used by three teachers in the school to anonymously rate each child's behavior. A questionnaire employing the same 41 behaviors and asking for judgements regarding the behaviors of "most kindergarten girls/boys" was completed by the three teachers and 34 parents from a third school. According to the adults most kindergarten boys and girls differed reliably on 18 out of the 41 social behaviors presented; boys more often disobeyed adults, showed off with adults, argued with peers, hit and fought, shouted, played roughly, quarreled, showed off with peers, and teased. Of these nine differences, only four were the same as those which emerged from direct observation: playing roughly, teasing, showing off with peers, and being noisy. (MV)