Information on the salaries and education of rural school personnel was obtained via 3,445 questionnaires mailed to superintendents of rural schools in 1934-35. Data were received for 183,733 white teachers, 13,072 Negro teachers, 7,569 white principals of rural schools, and 131 principals of Negro schools under the administrative supervision of county, district, union, and similar types of superintendents and located in the open country or in villages and towns of fewer than 2,500 population. Data were presented separately for one-teacher and two-teacher schools, three to six teacher schools and seven or more teacher schools in the open country and in villages or towns. Findings included: as the rural schools became larger the median salaries became progressively higher, ranging from $535 in the one-teacher white schools to $979 in the white schools of 7 or more teachers located in the villages and towns; in the Negro schools the differences were similar to those for the white schools, except that the ranges were for the most part narrower; in Delaware and West Virginia, the salaries of the Negro teachers averaged nearly $1,000 per year and were fully as high as those of the white teachers, if not higher; most of the rural school principals, especially those having charge of high schools, were college graduates; and about 3% of the white teachers and 21% of the Negro teachers in the one-teacher schools had 2 years or less of high school education. (NQ)