Private industry is by far the largest single employer of scientists and engineers in the U.S. economy, using about two-thirds of all persons employed as scientists and engineers. For the first time in five years, data on the employment of scientists, engineers, and technicians in industry are available. Reported are employment trends, employment by occupation and major industry groups, employment in energy-related activities, and reliability of data. Among the items reported are the following: (1) employment of scientists and engineers in private industry decreased 5% between 1970 and 1975, compared to a 14% gain between 1965-70 and a 19% gain from 1960-65; (2) engineers comprised 72% of the total scientists and engineers employed by private industry; and (3) employment of scientists and engineers engaged in R&D activity declined some 12% from 1970-75. (Author/RH)