Because it is a true score model employing item parameters which are independent of the examined sample, item characteristic curve theory (ICC) offers several advantages over classical measurement theory. In this paper an approach to biased item identification using ICC theory is described and applied. The ICC theory approach is attractive in that it, (1) appears to be sensitive largely to cultural variations in the trait gauged by test items, (2) does not assume total scores to be valid indicators of true ability, (3) places the identified degree of item bias on a quantified metric, and (4) is applicable to items of sufficiently varying degrees of difficulty. While sensitive to some factors other than item bias, namely, local independence, item inappropriateness and poor parameter estimates, the approach may prove useful to the measurement field. (Author/RC)