Ways in which pluralistic communities can exist in peace and harmony through consent rather than force are discussed. Historical and sociological determinants, which should be considered when coexistence is sought, are politics, color, religion, nationalism, national aspirations, language, employment, and educational systems. Problems which arise in connection with these determinants are analyzed. For example, freedom of religion is universally desired but has often lead to dogmatism and war, as it did in Ireland, Lebanon, India, and Crete. Although language serves as the most intimate articulation of the individual and his group, it can also serve as a barrier to those who do not speak or understand the official language. Skin color has influenced governments to adopt policies of apartheid or integration, but each policy has encountered problems. Case studies of Rhodesia and South Africa are presented. The problems of dealing with the determinants in a way that fosters human rights, educational excellence, intergroup cooperation, and responsible government are discussed. Honesty, consideration of differences, and meaningful association of diverse groups within a culture are necessary in a culturally pluralistic society and can be achieved when political autonomy, moral authority, and religious faith supercede selfish dictatorship. (Author/DB)