This is a report of a survey conducted to determine the perceptions of equal opportunity and race relations among black and white military personnel in four branches of the Armed Forces. Data was collected by means of a questionnaire. Questionnaire items included the following areas: promotions, daily duty assignments, military justice, training opportunities, on-base social activities, respect by superiors, and housing. Furthermore, information on the perceptions of racial unrest and race relations among service personnel was solicited. The responses of 19,690 enlisted personnel and 13,160 officers from a stratified random sample comprised the data base. The responses were weighted so as to approximate the views of the total military population on active duty in October of 1973. An analysis of the data and an interpretation of the results are fully presented, in addition to comparisons of the perceptions between black and white enlisted personnel and black and white officers on several of the variables. (Author/BS)