The transformation of the educational and labor force role distribution of Filipino women, both absolutely and relative to Filipino men, under the impact of modernization was examined. The study aimed to: analyze differences in female educational and labor force role distributions by modernization level; compare the female educational and labor force role distribution to that of males by modernization level; and contrast sex differentials in educational and labor force role distributions by modernization level for a younger (25-34) and older (55-64) age cohort. Obtained from the 1970 Philippines population census, data were collected for both males and females aged 25-64 on literacy; level of educational attainment; major field of study of associate, college and post-graduate degree holders; major and minor industry; major and minor occupation; and class of worker. Data were compiled for three residential categories: Manila, urban areas outside Manila, and rural areas. A combination of size-density and "urban characteristics" criteria was used in the 1970 census to delineate urban areas. Findings included: 72% of rural females aged 25-64 were literate, compared to 95% of Manila women in the same age range; the gap between males and females was largest in the rural areas; 3 of 5 rural women aged 25-64 had less than 5 years of formal schooling; and 2 out of 5 rural women aged 25-64 were engaged in farm laborer work roles. (NQ)