High attrition in technical training courses in Army Service Schools was found to be a major problem during the years 1962 to 1965. Data obtained at the U.S. Army Air Defense School showed that students who volunteered specifically for their training had significantly lower attrition rates than students of comparable aptitude who were assigned to the courses without having volunteered. These data were highly suggestive of a motivational factor in the prevalently high attrition rates and indicated a need for improving student motivation. The objective of this Work Sub-Unit was to evaluate group competition as a means of improving or maintaining student motivation. It was hoped that the tendency of American males to compete would lead to strong group identification, and a resultant improvement of performance. Group, rather than individual, competition was thought desirable for two reasons. First, as a member of a group the weaker student has more of an opportunity to win than he would have functioning as an individual. Secondly, it was felt that the competition might lead to the tutoring of weaker students in a group by the stronger students. The results of the research are discussed in relation to the validation of the assessment devices, the factors related to motivation and the implications to be drawn from these experimental findings. (Author/SJL)