Rural school and human service administrators' professional development needs can be categorized as technical, interpersonal, and intrapersonal in nature. Vermont surveys have indicated that the technical skills most needed are in the areas of public relations, career education, teacher effectiveness training, community involvement, administrative competencies, human service coordination, communications workshop, community needs assessment, planning skills, grantsmanship, evaluating methods, and personnel management; the interpersonal needs are political power, general interpersonal skills, group dynamics, and negotiation skills; the single intrapersonal need is ethics for administrators. It appears that the administration needs identified by both local and distant representatives are being influenced by the present state of administration knowledge and what is available. One dimension which is not identified in the interpersonal category is the "development of mutual support systems". How we can ascertain most scientifically the necessary knowledge and skills to affect rural school/community change and how we can best disseminate such knowledge are questions which have to be answered. The first step in the problem solving process is problem recognition, including recognition of facilitating or inhibiting factors; therefore, we need to begin by discussing what further knowledge is needed to develop viable rural school organizations. (JC)