Problems of American Indian college students in South Dakota which appeared to be "distinctively Indian" in nature were identified. Two questionnaires were administered to 72 Indian students enrolled in 4-year colleges and universities during the spring of 1957. Data analysis centered on the comparison of the problems of two pair of groups: Indian vs non-Indians and "Indian-like" Indians vs "non-Indian-like" Indians. In the first set of comparisons, certain data from this study were compared with results of similar studies of college students in general in a Wisconsin State Teachers College and the University of Illinois. The second set of comparisons was based on a division of the Indian students into two groups on the basis of ability or lack of ability to speak an Indian language. The two sets of comparisons yielded essentially the same results. The one general and overriding finding was that Indian students have more problems that are troublesome and serious than do non-Indian students. Among the special problems of the Indian student were: poor academic training for college, especially in the areas of mathematics and science, but also in social studies and English; insufficient monetary funds, especially for clothing and "spending money"; inability to relate himself to the future, particularly as this involved his educational and vocational objectives; and concern about moral and religious questions and about family members. (NQ)