This study analyzes infant distress (fussing and crying) and the resulting responses of caregivers in an infant day care nursery. Six babies (mean age 4.8 months when the study began) and their caregivers were observed in seven sequences of observations over a total span of 10 months. Each sequence of observations took place on six days during a 2-week period. In the last month of observation two babies had left the nursery, reducing the sample to four. The observational method used for collecting data was basically an event sampling procedure. For each distress episode, the observer recorded the baby's name, the nature of the distress (fuss, cry or scream), the name of the caregiver who intervened and the specific actions she took to soothe the infant (from a behavior list), and when the distress had ceased for as long as thirty seconds (the end of that episode). The list of caregiver behaviors was based on pilot observations indicating which caregiver behaviors were most likely to occur when a baby showed distress. Results are discussed for the frequency and duration of fussing, crying, and mixed distress episodes, and for caregiver latency of response, nature of initial response, number of interventions, and order of appearance of caregiver responses within a single intervention. Tables and graphs of data are included. (SB)