This monograph examines the nature of alienation in mass society and mass culture. Conceptually based on the "Gemeinschaft-Gesellschaft" paradigm of sociologist Ferdinand Tonnies, discussion traces the concept of alienation as it appears in the philosophies of Hegel, Marx, Kierkegaard, Sartre, and others. Dwight Macdonald's "A Theory of Mass Culture" and Clement Greenberg's insights on "kitsch" are used to explain the pervasive influence of mass culture in modern society and its debilitating effects on high culture. The analysis concludes that society must cushion the impact of dehumanizing technology and its consequences of alienation by redesigning the educational system and introducing new pedagogics. (KS)