The author briefly examines how educational reform attempts in Cuba since 1959 have taken place and how they have been related to social, economic, and political change efforts in the society at large. The Cuban educational system makes a significant contrast against the failure which characterizes the other Latin American educational systems. Cuban efforts have made important strides toward creating a new socialist man upon whose deeds and accomplishments Castro's Marxist society can rest. On taking power, Castro instructed all Cubans on how inequities and inefficiencies in the educational system reflected the consequences of economic and cultural domination. Education has been selected to serve as the instrument of individual and social change. Both the formal school system and the out-of-school educational sector have been vastly expanded and reoriented. In the formal school system, elimination of private schools after 1961, increased budgetary inputs, community pressure, and vigorous enforcement of extended attendance requirements have all contributed to skyrocketing public school enrollment figures. Revolutionary Cuba has, for the first time in Latin America, created a social context where aspirations of educational reform have been brought into harmony with work opportunities and national development goals. It remains to be seen whether other Latin American countries will be able to draw from this experience. (Author/DB)