A micro-economic model of population growth is presented to assess the relationship between education and fertility. On the basis of population growth evidence, the author presents the following opinions: (1) the potential of education as a policy instrument to influence family size is great but ignorance of the mechanisms through which education may affect fertility is also large; (2) economic policies that directly influence wife's wages, a couple's contraceptive behavior, and the early health and nutrition of children may be a more effective and quicker means of reducing family size than support of adult education; and (3) the trade-off that parents appear to make between the number of children they want and the investments they make in each child may be the key to middle- and long-term population policy in developing nations. The author concludes that the scarcity of economic resources makes continued research on policy instruments, like education, essential. A bibliography is included in the document. (Author/DB)