The objectives, procedures, and recipients of the Danforth and Kent Fellowships are reviewed in a report based on questionnaires, letters, and interviews. The background and philosophy, along with selection and award procedures, of the foundation are outlined, followed by a description of the methodology of the study. Details of the fellows themselves include personal statistics (age and sex, marital status, minority representations, types of institutions attended), graduate experience, professional experience (where employed, academic rank, tenure, educational objectives, off-campus activities, fellows as institutional shapers), and nonacademic employment. Data were correlated that indicate that not only are Danforth and Kent Fellows producing scholarly works comparable to faculty of medium-prestige institutions, but they are also carrying heavier teaching loads than faculty in those institutions. It is concluded that fellowship holders characteristically take active roles in institutions of higher education in the areas of teaching and scholarship as well as in the additional areas of community responsibility, largely defined. The significance of the fellowship program is examined. (LBH)