The first paper examines the interaction, within a European context, of government and voluntary agencies as actors on a larger societal stage. It attempts to develop basic principles and alternative strategies for their effective interaction in light of different political contexts and government structures. It indicates what sort of factors have to be taken into account when formulating rules of strategy for bringing the struggle for adequate resources for the aged to a reasonable outcome. The second paper examines the alternative strategies open to voluntary agencies depending on the societal context, from a U.S. viewpoint. It puts forth a strong case for the voluntary sector's leading a revolution in social values which will result in qualitative improvements in the lives of elderly people. Moreover, agencies should do their best to direct the forces of social change into constructive rather than destructive channels. (Author/SE)