This paper discusses the philosophy of systems and systems thinking, considers some systems theories, and presents a conceptual model that represents the progression from systems theory to methodology and the implementation of synthesized theories. Following this discussion, the author examines the task of using a systems approach to develop and implement improved participative planning and decision-making procedures for a turbulent school district. Separate short sections of the paper focus in turn on the philosophy of systems thinking, synthesis of systems theories, progression from theory to methodology, systems thinking as applied to participative planning, and the impact of operational and environmental conditions on a systems approach. (JG)