This report provides an overview of the federally-funded early childhood research activities of fiscal year 1975. In order to assess the directions in which federal research programs are moving, ongoing research projects are analyzed both within individual agencies and within the federal government as a whole. The first chapter reviews the historical background, operational structure, and fiscal year 1975 activities of the Interagency Panel on Early Childhood Research and Development. Chapter 2 outlines the categories of emphasis selected by the panel as an organizational framework for the analyses of federal research activity: (1) applied and basic research; (2) global research; (3) research to benefit all children; (4) longitudinal research; (5) research on the research process; (6) research on the development process; (7) research on the family; and (8) research on the community and society. In Chapter 3, the combined research of all of the 21 agencies on the Interagency Panel is examined, and information is presented concerning the number of projects and amount of funding in each of the selected categories outlined in Chapter 2. In Chapter 4, similar analyses are presented separately for each agency. The appendices provide the priorities of the agencies for fiscal year 1976 and beyond in addition to other supportive materials. (Author/ED)