In recent years, higher education has been subject to the criticism that the pervasive lecture method is impersonal and ineffective. The individualization of instruction using instructional technology can help to answer that criticism by facilitating the optimal combination of professor-determined objectives and processes with student-determined needs and goals. New technologies and methodologies can be used to adapt the instructional process more precisely to the needs of students. Because there is a natural tension between student-determined objectives and those of the professor, it is important that any new system provide flexibility and choice so that institutional harmony can be preserved. (EMH)