This book contains selections from psychologists, social scientists, and educators on the origins and nature of moral reasoning and behavior. Part one is an introduction and is intended to help the reader organize the wealth of theory and research in the field around eight basic questions confronting a science of morality. Part two sets forth eight distinctively different theoretical views of how moral development occurs. Part three deals with research and critically examines findings in selected areas of moral functioning, pinpoints methodological problems, and suggests new methods for the study of morality. Part four looks at the moral dimensions of important social issues and attempts to derive intervention strategies from the accumulated theory and research about moral behavior. (Author/PB)