A significant linguistic shift in the United States is occurring in planned change in the language of sex roles, especially with reference to sexism in employment vocabulary and to gender-based distinctions in occupational designations. Social policy on labor utilization has become increasingly involved in neutering employment vocabulary regarding occupational titles, job classifications, recruitment, and upgrading. Relatively little attention has been given to sexist rhetoric related to work, career choice, opportunity structures, and occupational mobility. The rhetoric for maintaining women as an underclass and for preserving traditional values on sex roles in the labor market has played a powerful part in socialization of both females and males for "keeping women in their place." This socialization in microstructures and macrostructures has involved the use of language and ideology which, starting in early childhood, fosters female learned helplessness and provides many hidden dissuaders to discourage career aspirations, entering occupations, and achieving levels of employment not "traditional" for women. (Author)