This book deals with the science of behavior and how it can be used humanely for positive and direct change. It was written for a mass audience, including parents, persons with elderly family members, the helping staff in clinical situations, college students, and teachers in training. Part 1 discusses the science of behavior and includes chapters on the basic behavioral law of reinforcement, subprinciples of reinforcement (timing, pairing of verbal and physical rewards, scheduling, and shaping), and observing behavior. Part 2 deals with the clinical application of these behavioral laws, and includes chapters discussing the behaviorally disordered child, the retarded child, adolescents, adults, punishment, and case studies illustrating specific applications of positive behavior management. "Question frames" have been inserted throughout the text to give the reader feedback on how well he/she is reading and understanding the material. They consist of a statement in which one or more blank spaces appear for the reader to fill in based on the material presented in the one or two preceding paragraphs. The book also suggests a list of six books for further reading. (BD)